Reasoning with から そして ので で
から, not just a case particle(“from”), it also shows up as a conjunction where the thing after から is "because of" the thing before から.
You can distinguish between the particle から and the conjunction から because the particle only comes after nouns and the conjunction から after completed clauses. This means to attach the “because of” から to nouns and な adjectives, you must add だ (or です), and it can also go directly after verbs and い adjectives (which the particle から cannot do).
暑いからプールに行きたいです It’s hot, so I want to go to the pool みんないい人だから、きっと気にいる They are all good people, so they will certainly be delighted.
から can come at the beginning of a sentence in the form of だから. In this usage it can either be emphasis, or give an explanation for a previous statement.
だから、そんなこと言わないでください。 I'm telling you, please don't say that!
そして is an interjection that essentially gives a sense of finality as the last element in a list of sequential statements (like “and in the end…”) or a conclusionary reason (“and so...”. It can sound formal.
そして、ついにその日が来た。 And in the end, that day finally came. そして、ありがとうございました。 And so, thank you.
ので acts like から. After nouns and な adjectives it becomes なので or ですので.
There are some nuance differences between から and ので but the gist is that から sounds more like a subjective opinion and ので feels more objective. For this reason, in polite contexts から can come across as pushy and ので is often preferred.
外は暑いので気をつけてください It’s hot outside, so please be careful. 大事なことなので、二回言いました。 It was an important thing, so I said it twice.
で can be used as a conjunction similar to "so". It establishes a weak cause -> effect relationship. で goes after nouns and な adjectives. For verbs and い adjectives they get conjugated in て form to achieve the same result.
突然のことで、すぐに理解できなかった It was sudden, so I couldn’t immediately understand it.
This usage of で can also show up at the beginning of a statement to continue a previous statement, sometimes as それで:
それで、これからどうするの？ So, what are you going to do next?